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When W. Edwards Deming declared pay is not a motivation. It is as a shock to man; and sounds absurd
to most of us?

• A. It comes as a shock to many and sounds absurd to most of us.
• B. It may come as a shock to many and sounds absurd to most of us.
• C. It was as a shock to many and sounds absurd to most of us.
• D. It came as a shock to many and sounds absurd to most of us.
• E. It is as a shock to many and sounds absurd to most of us.

BIRDS :AVIRARY::

• A. quails : bevy
• B. apes: jungle
• C. bees: garden
• D. cows : herd
• E. sheep : fold

The fossil remain of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more
than two centuries. How such large creatures, which weighed in some cases as much as a piloted
hangglider and had wingspans from 8 to 12 meters, solved the problems of powered flight, and exactly
what these creatures were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientist have puzzled over.
Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls,
pelvises, and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the
class of birds. In pterosaurs a greatly elongated fourth finger of each forelimb supported a wing like
membrane. The other fingers were short and reptilian, with sharp claws, In birds the second finger is the
principle strut of the wing, which consists primarily of features. If the pterosaur walked or remained
stationary, the fourth finger, and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape
along side of the animal's body.
The pterosaurs resembled both birds and bats in their overall structure and proportions. This is not
surprising because the design of any flying vertebrate is subject to aerodynamic constraints. Both the
pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds,
however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts. Although scales typically cover
reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coats. T.H. Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have
been warm blooded because flying implies a high internal temperature. Huxley speculated that a coat of
hair would insulate against loss of body heat and might streamline the body to reduce drag in flight. The
recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense, and relatively thick hairlike fossil
material was the first clear evidenced that his reasoning was correct.
Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched
themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests
of waves. Each hypothesis has its difficulties. The first wrongly assumes that the pterosaur's hind feet
resembled a bat's and could served as hooks by which the animal could bang in preparation for flight. The
second hypothesis seems unlikely because large pterosaurs could not have landed in trees without
damaging their wings. The birds call for high waves to channels updrafts. The wind that made such waves
however, might have been too strong for the pterosaurs to control their flight once airborne.
The authors quotes Whiteman primarily in order to

• A. show that the poet not agree with Emerson
• B. illustrate a way the poet expresses the relationship of the individual to the humanistic universe
• C. demonstrate that the poet is concerned with the well being of all humans
• D. indicate the way the poet uses the humanists ideal to praise himself
• E. suggest that the poet adapts the basis premises of humanism to his own individual outlook on the
  world

A young Dutch Architect has created a floating bed, which hovers above the ground through magnetic
force and comes with a price tag of 1.2 million Euros ($ 1.54 million). Janjaap took six years to develop
the bed, which looks like a sleek black platform and can double as a dining table. Magnets built into the
floor and into the bed itself repel each other, pushing the bed up into the air. Thin steel cables tether the
bed in place. Which of the following is most suitable criticism of the above paragraph?

• A. A very strong magnetic field will be required
• B. Only a few can afford the bed
• C. The flooring will have to be especially done to use the bed
• D. The bed cannot be moved from its place once it is fixed
• E. The bed is no more than a novel invention

SAGA: LENGTHY::

• A. proverb : pithy
• B. play : short-lived
• C. eulogy : candid
• D. poem : humorous
• E. novel: acclaimed